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Article History

Received: 30 October 2024

Accepted: 26 February 2025

First Online: 24 March 2025

Declarations

:

: Ethical approval was deemed not necessary for this study.

: De-mei Jia, Xuan Li, Bin-cang Zhang, and Ming-wei Liu had full access to all the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. Bin-cang Zhang, Bing-ran Zhang, and Qiu-juan Zhang contributed to the conceptualization, project administration, data curation, formal analysis and writing original draft. Xuan Li, Bing-ran Zhang, Qiu-juan Zhang, and Ming-wei Liu contributed to the methodology and writing review and editing. De-mei Jia, and Bin-cang Zhang contributed to the validation. Bing-ran Zhang, Qiu-juan Zhang, and Bin-cang Zhang contributed to the investigation (data collection). Xuan Li, De-mei Jia and Ming-wei Liu contributed to the supervision. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

: The authors declare no competing interests.