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Article History

Received: 25 March 2024

Accepted: 21 April 2025

First Online: 26 May 2025

Declarations

:

: The research protocol was approved by the institutional review boards of all participating institutions, including Boston Children’s Hospital (IRB P-00001207), and written informed consent was obtained from all participants, parents, or guardians.

: Not applicable.

: Dr. Jennifer Gettings receives research support from NIH. Dr. J. Nicholas Brenton receives research support from NIH. He has served as a consultant for Cycle Pharmaceuticals and the Institute for Advanced Clinical Trials (I-ACT) for Children on a Novartis-sponsored project. Dr. Adam Ostendorf receives research support from NIH Dr. Edward Novotny was on the Advisory Board for Longboard Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Dr. Mark Wainwright is a member of the Clinical Advisory Board for Sage Therapeutics. Dr. Tobias Loddenkemper receives research support from NIH, Epitel, Sumitomo, and the Epilepsy Research Fund. He received past research support from Upsher Smith, Proximagen, MIKU, and UCB. Dr. Tobias Loddenkemper is part of patent applications to detect and predict clinical outcomes, and to detect, manage, diagnose, and treat neurological conditions, epilepsy, and seizures. Some of Dr. Tobias Loddenkemper’s trainees received salary support from international foundations/societies and academic centers while working in his laboratory. Dr. Marina Gaínza-Lein was previously funded by the Epilepsy Research Fund.