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Authors
Liu, Bo
Liu, Pengran
Guo, Yang
Yin, Hao
Zhu, Xihai
Li, Yaohua
Wang, Bangyue
Zhao, Yan
Huan, Linchun
Cui, Xiaopeng
Feng, Xuequan
Yang, Xinyu
Zhang, Xiaojun
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Tianjin Health Research Project (TJWJ2023QN102)
Peking University Binhai Hospital Research Innovation and Transformation Fund (2024-CX-01)
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Article History
Received: 8 June 2025
Accepted: 16 July 2025
First Online: 4 August 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital (IRB2021-YX-178-01). Written informed consent was waived due to the retrospective nature of the study and the use of anonymized data; however, oral consent was obtained from patients or their legal guardians. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.Written informed consent was waived due to the retrospective nature of the study and the use of anonymized data. The requirement for consent to participate was waived by the Ethics Committee of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital (IRB2021-YX-178-01).
: Not Applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
