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Authors
Cardona-Roca, Laura https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3091-7322
Seguí-Solanes, Carlos https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5291-9831
Cano-Alonso, Manuel https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5184-7481
Sosa-Pons, Alba https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4420-1631
Almendros-Abad, Nuria https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9611-8796
Sola, Nuria Rudi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1288-8046
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Article History
Received: 16 June 2025
Accepted: 5 August 2025
First Online: 14 October 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee for Medicinal Research (CEIm) of Fundació Privada Hospital Asil de Granollers and adhered to the requirements of Spain’s Organic Law 3/2018 on the Protection of Personal Data and Guarantee of Digital Rights, the Principles of the Declaration of Helsinki, and Good Clinical Practice guidelines. In accordance with Royal Decree 957/2020, published on November 3, 2020, and the ethical principles governing medical research involving human subjects, the committee granted an exemption from obtaining informed consent, based on the study’s significant social value, exclusive use of anonymized secondary data, no impact on routine clinical practice, and minimal risk to participants.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
