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Authors
Ohara, Hiroya
Shimizu, Hironori
Yamanaka, Masami
Yamada, Nanami
Kikutsuji, Naoya
Miyoshi, Ryuhei
Kanesaki, Hiromi
Kanda, Takahiro
Honda, Keisuke
Kinoshita, Masako https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9690-3014
Sugie, Kazuma
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JPJSBP 120217720)
Nakatani Foundation for Advancement of Measuring Technologies in Biomedical Engineering (technology exchange program)
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Article History
Received: 18 May 2025
Accepted: 8 September 2025
First Online: 3 October 2025
Declarations
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: The study conformed to the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki and the ICMJE Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing, and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals. The Ethics Committee of Minaminara General Medical Center approved the research protocol (Approval Number #22). Written informed consent was waived due to the retrospective, non-invasive, and anonymous design.
: Not applicable.
: HO received contracts and honoraria from Otsuka Co., Ltd., Alexion Co., Ltd., UCB Japan Co., Ltd., Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd., Tanabe Mitsubishi Co. Ltd., Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd, FP pharma Co. Ltd, and Argenix Co. Ltd. MK received contracts and honoraria from Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Eisai Co., Ltd., Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., and UCB Japan Co., Ltd. MK is an Associate Editor for Brain Imaging Methods (specialty section of Frontiers in Neuroscience, Frontiers in Neurology and Frontiers in Neuroimaging) and an Editorial Board Member for BMC Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology. The remaining authors declare that this study was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as potential conflicts of interest.
