Document is current

Article History

Received: 27 June 2025

Accepted: 15 September 2025

First Online: 31 October 2025

Declarations

:

: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the IRB Committee at An-Najah National University (Ref: Med. April 2024/14), which granted permission to access and use participants’ data before the start of the study. This retrospective study was based on previously recorded medical data, with no direct interaction with patients or their families. In accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki, the research respected participants’ rights, dignity, and confidentiality. In accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki, the research respected participants’ rights, dignity, and confidentiality. Per ethical guidelines, informed consent was not required, as the data were analyzed anonymously and all identifiable information was securely managed. Patient autonomy and privacy were safeguarded throughout the research process. All personal identifiers, including patient IDs, were anonymized to ensure strict confidentiality and compliance with data protection regulations. Additionally, approval to access and use patient files was obtained from the physicians responsible for the original documentation and the administrative authorities of the participating healthcare centers.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.