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Article History

Received: 28 April 2025

Accepted: 25 September 2025

First Online: 22 October 2025

Declarations

:

: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Karadeniz Technical University Scientific Research Ethics Committee approved this research (Approval No: 2024/109). Patients were verbally informed before the study and then signed a written consent form stating that they participated in the study voluntarily.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.