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Authors
Zhang, Guoxin
Meng, Lijun
Xu, Mingyang
Huang, Chunfang
Lu, Yi
Yin, Liping
Li, Jianning
Xu, Wenwen
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Nanjing City Health Science and Technology Development Special Fund Project (Nanjing City Health Science and Technology Development Special Fund Project)
Nanjing City Health Science and Technology Development Special Fund Project (Nanjing City Health Science and Technology Development Special Fund Project)
Nanjing City Health Science and Technology Development Special Fund Project (Nanjing City Health Science and Technology Development Special Fund Project)
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Article History
Received: 11 July 2025
Accepted: 26 September 2025
First Online: 20 November 2025
Declarations
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: This retrospective study conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Ethics Committee of Qixia District Hospital, Nanjing (approval number: NQH-CSVD-2020-06). All participants provided written informed consent before enrollment. The study protocol, including data collection procedures and imaging assessments, was reviewed and approved by the institutional review board. All research procedures complied with institutional guidelines for the protection of human research subjects. All participants or their legal guardians provided written informed consent before enrollment.
: Written informed consent for publication was obtained from all participants or their legal guardians. All participants consented to the publication of their anonymized data in this research article.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
