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Article History

Received: 25 August 2025

Accepted: 6 November 2025

First Online: 11 December 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and received approval from the Ethics Committee of Ota Memorial Hospital (approval number: 341).At our institution, patients or their legally authorized representatives routinely provide written informed consent upon admission, authorizing the use of de-identified clinical data for academic research purposes. Given the retrospective nature of this study and the use of data obtained during routine clinical practice, the Ethics Committee granted a waiver of additional study-specific informed consent in accordance with the Japanese Ethical Guidelines for Medical and Health Research Involving Human Subjects. Patient confidentiality and privacy were maintained through data anonymization.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.