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Authors
Mohammed, Fatima Elbasri Abuelgasim
Ahmed, Marafi Jammaa https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5032-8627
MohamedAhmed, Barah Badreldin Ali https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0351-592X
Mohamed, Abuelgasim
Elfatih Ahmed, Noon Mohamed https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6587-0891
Gandour, Hanan Mohamed Naeim https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0221-8980
Mohamed Idris, Eilaf Eltahir https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5234-4669
Mohammed Salih, Saja Mohammed Salih Mohammed https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5244-8829
Saeed, Ahmed Saeed Ahmed
Elseed, Aziza Abd Almahmoud https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2373-0925
Mohamed Idris, Mohamed Osama https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6860-3053
Mohammed, Talha Zuhair Elameir https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2601-8763
Mustafa, Abdelrahman Khalfalla Abdelrahman https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1691-7100
Gaili, Razan Azhari
Saeed, Sara Abdallah Alameen
Saad, Khalid Abbas Hassan
MohammedAhmed, Mmdooh Badreldin Ali
Suliman, Shahd Amir Yousif
Elawad, Mohamed Salah Gamar https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0396-7778
Fadlelmoula, Yasir Abdelrafi Dafalla https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6978-8801
Mustafa, Gotof Abdesalam
Mohammed Ahmed, Khabab Abbasher Hussien
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Article History
Received: 23 June 2025
Accepted: 14 November 2025
First Online: 28 November 2025
Declarations
:
: Informed consent was obtained from each participant. Ethical approval was obtained from Research Ethical Committee, Sudan Northern State Ministry of Health. All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations.
: Not applicable. The study was conducted according to the principles and guidelines of Declaration of Helsinki.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
