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Authors
Bakharji, Ahmed
Al Hijab, Ali
Al Harbi, Talal
Ali, Eman Nasim
Almuhaish, Husam
Eskander, Mariam
Abdulbaqi, Manar
Bashir, Shahid
Al Thubaiti, Ibtisam
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Article History
Received: 23 March 2025
Accepted: 27 November 2025
First Online: 4 December 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of King Fahad Specialist Hospital–Dammam. The study was conducted in full accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Because this was a retrospective analysis of existing clinical data, the requirement for informed consent to participate was waived by the Institutional Review Board, as permitted under national regulations.
: All relevant individuals provided written informed consent for the publication of their clinical details, including any potentially identifying images. We confirm that we have read the journal’s guidelines on ethical publication and affirm that this manuscript complies with those standards.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
