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Authors
Chen, Si
Yang, Ning
Liu, Jinde
Xu, Shujun
Xu, Shuo
Wang, Jiwei
Li, Chao
Liu, Yi-ming
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2022MH155)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82171245)
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Article History
Received: 10 July 2025
Accepted: 17 December 2025
First Online: 5 January 2026
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (approval number: KYLL-2022[ZM]-073) and was performed in accordance with Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from all patients prior to their participation in this study. All participants involved in this study were confirmed to have the ethical and medical capacity required to independently provide informed consent.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
