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Authors
Hu, Xiaoyue
Liu, Xin
Fan, Yiyun
Lei, Hao
Zhang, Tianxin
Zhou, Hong
Zhao, Deicheng
Zhang, Zhaoxiang
Huang, Ziling
Luo, Bang
Ye, Qing
Dong, Yulan
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Article History
Received: 23 August 2025
Accepted: 23 December 2025
First Online: 9 January 2026
Declarations
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: This retrospective study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China (Approval No. 2025220528001). The requirement for informed consent was waived owing to the retrospective design of the study and the use of de-identified data.
: Not applicable. This retrospective study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China. All data were fully anonymized before analysis, and the requirement for individual consent for publication was waived.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
