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Authors
Ito, Ryuichi
Kobayashi, Satoko
Terashima, Hiroshi
Hanawa, Takaya
Kinumaki, Akiko
Kanda, Shoichiro
Otsuka, Satoko
Kaizaki-Mitsumoto, Asuka
Numazawa, Satoshi
Harita, Yutaka
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Article History
Received: 19 September 2025
Accepted: 31 December 2025
First Online: 9 January 2026
Declarations
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: At our institution, ethics committee approval is not required for case reports. LC-MS/MS analyses of blood and urine samples were conducted as part of clinical testing, not as part of a research study. Procedures described in the experiment were conducted as part of a research study. The experiment used urine samples of a healthy adult, who is one of the authors, as a solvent for DPH, to investigate the characteristics of UDS, not of urine. There was no invasiveness in collecting urine. Therefore, the experiment did not need ethics committee approval for a medical research involving human subjects or an informed consent from the adult whose urine was used.
: The patients and their parents provided written informed consent for the publication of this report.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
