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Authors
Wu, Yajing
Tang, Kaixuan
Fang, Jiaxin
Li, Shaojie
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Article History
Received: 6 August 2025
Accepted: 8 January 2026
First Online: 24 January 2026
Declarations
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: This study used the de-identified, publicly available data from the HRS, which has been approved by the University of Michigan Institutional Review Board (IRB Protocol: HUM00061128). All participants provided informed consent before formal survey. HRS complied with the principles specified in the Declaration of Helsinki throughout the implementation.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
