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Article History

Received: 15 October 2025

Accepted: 4 February 2026

First Online: 11 February 2026

Declarations

:

: This research project was carried out in compliance with both international and national bioethical norms, adhering to the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki while fulfilling the regulatory requirements for human subject studies established by Chinese authorities. Prior to implementation, the experimental design underwent rigorous ethical review and received formal authorization (Approval Nos. IRB00001052–11015) from the Peking University Health Science Center’s Ethics Committee. Before initiating any research procedures, we obtained written documentation of informed consent from every individual who participated in this investigation.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.