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Authors
Zhang, Ziyang
Ma, Guoxu
Dang, Tingting
Huang, Yonglu
Gong, Fan
Wu, Jianke
Li, Xiaoliang
Gao, Jian
Zhang, Hanlin
Ding, Yi
Zhou, Tianyu
Zhang, Bowen
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Natural Science Foundation of Ningxia (2024AAC03513)
the People’s Livelihood Science and Technology Project of Ningxia Autonomous Region (2023CMG03014)
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Article History
Received: 19 November 2025
Accepted: 4 February 2026
First Online: 9 March 2026
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards and principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was approved by the ethics committee of The People’s Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (Approval number: (2025)-LL-073). The requirement for informed consent was waived by the ethics committee due to the retrospective nature of the study and the use of de-identified data.
: Not Applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
