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Article History

Received: 6 August 2025

Accepted: 9 February 2026

First Online: 16 February 2026

Declarations

:

: This research adhered to the ethical guidelines set forth in the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee at Jiaozuo People’s Hospital Affiliated of Xinxiang Medical University (approval No. 2025-013-K13). Due to the retrospective nature of the study, the requirement for written informed consent for the utilization of clinical data was waived.

: All authors have approved the final version of the manuscript and consent to its publication. Given the retrospective nature of this study, the data used were de-identified (e.g., no names, medical record numbers, or other directly identifiable information were included), and only aggregated or anonymized information (such as gender, age ranges, and disease duration) was presented. Therefore, specific informed consent for publication is not required, as the risk of identifying individual participants is negligible. This approach is consistent with the ethical approval from the Ethics Committee at Jiaozuo People’s Hospital Affiliated of Xinxiang Medical University.

: The authors declare no competing interests.