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Article History

Received: 18 June 2025

Accepted: 17 February 2026

First Online: 27 April 2026

Declarations

:

: This study adheres to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent revisions. It has been approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences with ethics code IR.MUI.RESEARCH.REC.1401.330 and grant number 3401567. All participants provided written and verbal informed consent before participating. The protocol for this study was also approved by the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials on March 28, 2023, with registration reference IRCT20230105057054N1, which can be found on their website .In the case of adults with cognitive decline an overseeing mental health expert has ruled that all adult patients and participants have been deemed capable of ethically and medically consenting for their participation in the research presented in this manuscript.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. They also state that financial relationships or supporting sources will not influence the decision to submit the report for publication, nor will they affect data collection, analysis, report writing, data interpretation, or study design. There are no declarations of interest to report.All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest or non-financial interest in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.