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Authors
Wang, Yi
Qiu, Xinyu
Wang, Yichen
Gu, Yawei
Zhao, Lan
Liang, Xuemei
Dong, Yinhua
Shi, Yun
Wang, Lijun
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Article History
Received: 11 October 2025
Accepted: 11 March 2026
First Online: 9 May 2026
Declarations
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: In accordance with the provisions of the Declaration of Helsinki, this study has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin Medical University (Approval No.: SZXLL-2025-K023). Since this study utilizes medical records and biological samples obtained during prior clinical diagnosis and treatment, the Ethics Committee of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin Medical University has approved an exemption from informed consent. We pledge to maintain strict confidentiality regarding each patient's personal information and final data.
: This is a retrospective clinical study using de-identified data, so patient consent is not required.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
