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Authors
Kępczyńska, Katarzyna
Domitrz, Izabela
Stępień, Adam
Michalak-Siembida, Agnieszka
Walczak–Ciszewska, Agata
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Article History
Received: 29 January 2026
Accepted: 29 April 2026
First Online: 1 May 2026
Declarations
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: This study was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Bioethical Committee of the Medical University of Warsaw, Poland (approval number: AK-BE/197/2025; approval date: July 30, 2025). Given the retrospective nature of this study involving analysis of anonymized existing medical records, the ethics committee waived the requirement for informed consent in accordance with institutional guidelines for retrospective medical record reviews and applicable Polish data protection legislation.
: Not applicable. This manuscript does not contain any individual person’s data in any form (including individual details, images, or videos). All data are presented in aggregate form without any identifying information.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
