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Article History

Received: 11 June 2018

Accepted: 26 December 2018

First Online: 7 January 2019

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: Ethical approval was received from the National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR/HQ/R8A/Vol_IX/1447) and the University of Saskatchewan Behavioural Research Ethics Board (BEH 14–414). Permission was also sought and received from local Maasai community leaders. As per the consent procedure approved by the ethics board, individual participant consent was obtained with the interviewer reading the consent form to participants in Maa due to high rates of illiteracy. Participants who were unable to sign their name wrote an “X” and the interviewer wrote the participant name beside it before signing and dating the consent form.

: The consent forms stated that the aggregated results would be shared locally, at academic conferences, and in journal articles with direct quotations (anonymized) used to illustrate the findings.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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