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Authors
Liu, Lijuan
Ma, Xiao
Liu, Juan
Fu, Jinhua
Li, Ning
Yuan, Guiling
Zhao, Long
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
China Health Promotion Foundation (XM_2020_011_0245_09)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (81800601)
China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2019M652333)
Qingdao Medical and Health Research Guidance Project (2023-WJZD066)
"Clinical Medicine +X" Research Project of Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University (QDFY+X2023210)
Qingdao Key Health Discipline Development Fund
Qingdao Key Clinical Specialty Elite Discipline
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Article History
Received: 16 October 2024
Accepted: 11 April 2025
First Online: 21 April 2025
Declarations
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: This retrospective case-control study was approved by the ethics committee of Qingdao Jinhua Gynecology Hospital. All subjects were treated with standard care without intervention from this study. All data were obtained via electronic medical records and a database review and were de-identified (all patients’ name were replaced with an identification code, and all patients’ private information were deleted before the analysis) to protect patient privacy, therefore all patients’ informed consents are waived in accordance with national regulations, specifically the Measures for Ethical Review of Biomedical Research Involving Humans issued by the National Health Commission of China. Clinical trial number: not applicable.
: This study used de-identified patient data, and no individual identifiable details are presented. According to institutional guidelines, consent for publication was not required.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
