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Article History

Received: 16 February 2025

Accepted: 16 April 2025

First Online: 30 April 2025

Declarations

:

: The study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the Public Health Service Center, Bao’an District, Shenzhen. Given the retrospective design and the use of fully anonymized data, the committee waived written informed consent in compliance with China’s ethical guidelines for studies utilizing de-identified records. All procedures strictly adhered to the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.