Wang, Xiaojiao
Li, Lingling
Zhang, Guoying
Zhu, Chunxiang
Min, Hui
Zhu, Xinli
Gu, Chunyi
Funding for this research was provided by:
Fudan University (FNF201845)
Shanghai Municipal Health Commission (202040097)
Article History
Received: 5 August 2024
Accepted: 24 July 2025
First Online: 14 August 2025
Declarations
:
: Informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection. This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved from the Ethics Committee of the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Hospital, Fudan University (OGHEC2019-51).
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.