Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Lee, Hao-Yuan
Hsu, Yu-Lung
Lee, Wen-Yuan
Ko, Shu-Hua
Huang, Yu-Ling
Chen, Chyi-Liang
Lin, Hsin-Ju
Tsai, Ming-Luen
Chang, Yu-Chia
Lin, Hung-Chih
-
Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Wei Gong Memorial Hospital (Project No. WMH-113-005)
Wei Gong Memorial Hospital (Project No. WMH-113-005)
Wei Gong Memorial Hospital (Project No. WMH-113-005)
Wei Gong Memorial Hospital (Project No. WMH-113-005)
China Medical University Hospital (DMR-106-042)
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 8 May 2025
Accepted: 4 August 2025
First Online: 26 August 2025
Declarations
:
: All data obtained from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) were encrypted, deidentified, and subject to strict access control for on-site analysis by the Health and Welfare Data Science Center (HWDSC), under the Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taiwan. Given the retrospective nature of the study and the use of fully anonymized data, informed consent was waived. This waiver was approved by the Institutional Review Board of China Medical University Hospital, Taiwan, in accordance with national regulations (IRB No. CMUH113-REC1-085; Approval date: May 23, 2024). The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
