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Authors
Nahal, Maha Sudki Hmeidan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7724-5407
Bshareya, Sireen Ibrahim
Dwekat, Ibtesam Medhat Mohamad https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0914-7653
Nahal, Khaled W.
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Article History
Received: 15 May 2025
Accepted: 22 August 2025
First Online: 30 September 2025
Declarations
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: This study was conducted according to the ethical standards of the Helsinki Declaration. Ethical approval was obtained from the ethical committee at Al-Quds University under reference number 262/REC/2022. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.
: Not applicable – this manuscript does not contain any person’s data in any form (including individual details, images, or videos).
: The authors declare no competing interests.
