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Authors
Munezero, Aline
Fein, Julia M.
Nhauche, Marta P.
Fernandes, Karayna G.
Takayama, Melissa Y.
Leite, Débora FB
Figueiredo, Guilherme
Passini, Renato Jr
Osis, Maria Jose MD
Cecatti, Jose G.
Souza, Renato T.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
World Health Organization (UNDP-UNFPA-UNICEF-WHO-World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction (HRP))
World Health Organization (UNDP-UNFPA-UNICEF-WHO-World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction (HRP))
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (2020/16539-0)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (2021/03670-3)
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Article History
Received: 2 December 2023
Accepted: 2 October 2025
First Online: 14 November 2025
Declarations
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: The study received approval from all the Institutional Review Boards (IRB) from each participating centers (IRBs: School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas in Campinas; Jundiaí Medical School in Jundiai; Center for Health Sciences of the Federal University of Pernambuco in Recife). The approval letters were issued on August 03, 2021. Eligible women were invited to participate in the study and provided their consent by signing an informed consent form. The study adhered to the methodological procedures and ethical considerations outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki (amended in Hong Kong in 1989) and the ethical principles of the Brazilian National Health Council (Resolution CNS 466/12).
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
