Wang, Xiaoyan
Zhu, Menglan
Ji, Xiaohui
Xu, Rouhua
Lin, Haiyan
Zhu, Liqiong
Mai, Zhuoyao
Xie, Haitian
Tang, Jing
Bai, Shiyu
Guo, Yihong
Gan, Yujie
Gao, Jie
Chen, Hui
Funding for this research was provided by:
Guangzhou Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2023A04J2081)
Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (2024A1515013264)
Sun Yat-Sen Clinical Research (SYS-5010-202410)
Clinical Collaboration Project of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Major and Complex Diseases-Threatened Abortion (Traditional Chinese Medicine Comprehensive Combination Letter [2023] No.250)
Key Program of Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U24A20781)
Article History
Received: 28 May 2025
Accepted: 15 October 2025
First Online: 21 November 2025
Declarations
:
: This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki. This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University (approval number: SYSKY-2025-546-01). The need for consent to participate was waived by the Medical Ethical Committee of the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University due to the retrospective nature of the study and the lack of direct patient interaction.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.