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Authors
Marques, Lays Janaina Prazeres
Alencar, Gizelton Pereira
Elias, Dario Ezequiel
da Silva, Zilda Pereira
Demarque, Gabriella Ferreira
Figueiredo, Gerusa Maria
Hoshida, Mara Sandra
dos Santos, Osmara Alves
Pastro, Luciana Duzolina Manfré
Buralli, Rafael Junqueira
Machado, Clarisse M.
Meireles, Luciana Regina
Zerbinati, Rodrigo Melim
Galisteo Junior, Andrés Jimenez
Schultz, Regina
Rodrigues, Laura Cunha
Francisco, Rossana Pulcineli Vieira
Novaes, Hillegonda Maria Dutilh
Gouveia, Nelson
de Almeida, Marcia Furquim
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (2022/13271-1, 2023/17594-2, 2020/05458-9, 2018/19592-9, 2022/16153-0, 2016/07765-0, 2016/07765-0, 2016/07765-0, 2016/07765-0)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (001)
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Article History
Received: 2 April 2025
Accepted: 24 October 2025
First Online: 2 December 2025
Declarations
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: The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of the Municipal Health Department (process n° 16509319.0.3012.5551) and from the Ethics Committee of the Hospital das Clínicas, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo (process n° 16509319.0.0000.0068). Informed consent was obtained from all pregnant women.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
