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Authors
Wei, Ye
Luo, Hong
Liu, Xiaoyu
Sun, Gongpeng
Liu, Jianhong
Wei, Xiao
Cao, Canhui
Zheng, Ying
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82203453)
Natural Science Foundation of Hubei (JCZRYB202500332)
National Key R&D Program of China (2022YFC2704103)
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Article History
Received: 8 May 2025
Accepted: 31 October 2025
First Online: 30 December 2025
Declarations
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: Ethical approval and informed consent were waived because the GBD data are publicly available and contain no identifiable information. According to the policy of the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation and relevant national regulations, ethics approval was deemed unnecessary. All analyses were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
