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Authors
Ayvaz, Begüm Çiler https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6318-8176
Akin, Pelin https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3798-4827
Ede İleri, Gözde https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0702-0878
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Article History
Received: 10 August 2025
Accepted: 18 November 2025
First Online: 22 November 2025
Declarations
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: The study was approved by Ethics Committee of Istanbul Okan University (protocol code 149 and 9 February 2022). All participants provided informed consent before participation, and were informed about the study purpose, procedures, and their rights to withdraw at any time.
: Consent for publication was obtained from volunteered postpartum women.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
