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Authors
Qiao, Yanli
Chen, Yechao
Chen, Yawen
Kan, Jingjing
Gu, Qiaoling
Zhang, Haixia
Mei, Hongliang
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Jiangsu Pharmaceutical Association - HENGRUI hospital pharmacy fund scientific research project (H202107)
Nanjing Pharmaceutical Association - CHANGZHOU SIYAO hospital pharmacy scientific research fund grant project (2021YX004)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (81903870)
Aid project of Jiangsu Ningai Medical Development and Medical Aid Foundation (NDYGN2024044)
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Article History
Received: 4 June 2025
Accepted: 25 November 2025
First Online: 9 January 2026
Declarations
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: The Institutional Review Board of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital approved the study, and as the data were deidentified, informed permission was not necessary.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
