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Authors
Cirban Ekrem, Ebru https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4442-0675
Kurt, Aylin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5521-0828
Kilci Erciyas, Şeyma https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6282-8933
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Article History
Received: 24 April 2025
Accepted: 26 November 2025
First Online: 2 December 2025
Declarations
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: The study was approved by the Social and Human Sciences Ethics Committee at Bartın University (Protocol No. 2021-SBB-0461, Date: 12/06/2021, Approval No. 17) in accordance with the ethical standards laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent amendments. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. The data were collected on a voluntary basis. The mothers were informed about the purpose of the study and the confidentiality of all data. In accordance with the ethical standards governing research, the names of patients were not disclosed, and alternative identifiers were assigned.
: NA.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
