Baker, Brennan H.
Kruger, Laken
Prasad, Bhagwat
MacDonald, James W.
Bammler, Theo K.
Konwar, Chaini
Kobor, Michael S.
Bush, Nicole R.
LeWinn, Kaja Z.
Zhao, Qi
Paquette, Alison G.
Sathyanarayana, Sheela
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (T32ES015459)
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (P30ES007033)
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (P30ES007033)
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (R01ES033785)
NIH Office of the Director (UG3OD023271 /UH3OD03271)
NIH Office of the Director (UG3OD023271 /UH3OD03271)
NIH Office of the Director (UG3OD023271 /UH3OD03271)
NIH Office of the Director (UG3OD023271 /UH3OD03271)
National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (UL1TR002319)
National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (UL1TR002319)
National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (UL1TR002319)
National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (UL1TR002319)
Article History
Received: 16 September 2025
Accepted: 3 December 2025
First Online: 11 December 2025
Declarations
:
: Participants aged 18 years or older provided informed consent, while assent and consent from legally authorized representatives were obtained for those under 18 years prior to enrollment. This study was approved by the institutional review boards at the University of Tennessee Health Science Center and the University of Washington, and adhered to the principles for medical research involving human participants as outlined in the Helsinki Declaration.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.