Ernawati, Ernawati https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9344-3606
Akbar, Muhammad I. A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2003-9282
Aryananda, Rozi Aditya https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6674-7682
Bachnas, Muhammad A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1710-3909
Irwinda, Rima https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6260-6273
Dewantiningrum, Julian
Bernolian, Nuswil https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6421-0215
Dekker, Gustaaf
,
Gumilar, Khanizyah Erza
Pribadi, Adhi
Aziz, Muhammad Alamsyah
Wardhana, Manggala Pasca Wardhana
Sulistyono, Agus
Rahardjo, Bambang
Aditiawarman,
Hamid, Agus Rusdhy Hariawan
Prasetyadi, Fransiscus Octavianus Hari
Darus, Febriansyah
Ditya B, Ariawan
Djuanda, Jonathan Kevin
Putri, Ruth Widhiati Raharjo
Satriadi, Tedy Teguh
Hafiz, Alini
Sriyanti, Roza
Suratman, A.I
Aziz, Aryani
Resistantie, Novi
Danianto, Ario
Lisnawati, Yuyun
Pudyastuti, Sri
Pramono, Besari Adi
Banjarnahor, Dharma Putra P
Santoso, Dhanny Primatara Johari
Defrin,
Kaeng, Junneke J
Anggraini, Nutria Widya Purna
Wiradyana, Anak Agung Gede Putra
Kusuma, Anak Agung Ngurah Jaya
Serudji, Joserizal
Yeni, Cut Meurah
Chalid, Maisuri T
Yusrawati,
Wantania, John J.E.
Lumbanraja, Sarma
Sulistyowati, Sri
Wibowo, Noroyono
Mose, Johanes C
Dachlan, Erry Gumilar
Article History
Received: 19 October 2025
Accepted: 15 December 2025
First Online: 22 December 2025
Declarations
:
: The study proposal received approval from the ethics council of Airlangga University Hospital has issued ethical approval for this research (approval no. 052/KEP/2024, protocol number UA-02–24074). This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent amendments. The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the appropriate institutional ethics committee. Given the retrospective nature of the study and the use of anonymized medical record data only, the requirement for informed consent was waived by the ethics committee.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.