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Authors
Simeneh, Getinet Tilahun
Alamenie, Dawit Tarko
Chekol, Soliyana Hailu
Abdana, Tariku Deressa
Kidane, Hailegebreal
Workneh, Wubet Mihretu
Bekele, Bisrat Tamene
Wotango, Biniam Yohannes
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Article History
Received: 15 October 2025
Accepted: 2 January 2026
First Online: 7 January 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical clearance and approval for this study were obtained from the Addis Ababa Public Health Research and Emergency Management Directorate, Department of Public Health Research Office Institution Review Board (IRB), protocol number 2/804/17. Additionally, permission to access patient records was obtained from Gandhi Memorial Hospital. Since the study uses retrospective chart review, the need for informed consent was waived by the IRB, and all the research methods were performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
