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Authors
Keven, Mehmet Can https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2763-7602
Yucel, Ebru https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0655-494X
Savaş, Melike https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7987-893X
Salık, Ece Akça https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9993-3035
Yıldız, Seda https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2993-7868
Yeğen, Banu Derim https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2479-2213
Kılıç, Halime https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2875-1979
Güleç, Sevgi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8394-3754
Dönmez, Keziban Saylam https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4436-8303
Uysak, Kıymet Çiçek https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3188-2191
Altay, Ayşe Yılmaz https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9906-1966
Baştemur, Ayşe Gülçin https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8362-7324
Bütün, Zafer https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5297-4462
Bakır, Eylül https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6217-4776
Karadağ, Alperen https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4360-7926
Birge, Özer https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1939-3743
Keskin, Nadi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7097-7106
Tanaçan, Atakan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8209-8248
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Article History
Received: 1 December 2025
Accepted: 5 January 2026
First Online: 15 January 2026
Declarations
:
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki (revised 2013). The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health, Eskişehir City Hospital (approval date: June 15, 2025; decision number: ESH/BAEK 2025/190). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection during routine postpartum visits.
: Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
