Kefiyalew, Debissa
Aragaw, Abebaye
Bula, Kejela
Etana, Guluma
Article History
Received: 30 October 2025
Accepted: 19 January 2026
First Online: 24 January 2026
Declarations
:
: Ethical approval was obtained from the institutional review board (IRB) of the Department of Medical Physiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University. The IRB does not issue approval reference number. Permission was obtained from the clinical directors of NSH and WUCSH and the heads of the respective departments to authorize the actual study. The purpose of the study was explained to study participants, and written informed consent was obtained from each participant. The confidentiality of participant data was ensured by assigning unique ID numbers to each questionnaire, and personal identifying information was not included in analysis. The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.