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Article History

Received: 1 December 2025

Accepted: 28 January 2026

First Online: 31 January 2026

Declarations

:

: Ethical approval for this retrospective cohort study was obtained from the Turkish Republic Eskişehir City Hospital Non-Interventional Clinical Research Ethics Board (Decision No: ESH/GOEK 2022/18, dated 14 February 2023). The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and applicable national regulations. As the study was based exclusively on anonymized retrospective medical records and involved no direct patient contact or intervention, the requirement for informed consent to participate was waived by the Ethics Board in accordance with Turkish national regulations governing non-interventional retrospective research.Consent for Publication.Not applicable (the study does not include identifying images or personal or clinical details of participants).

: The authors declare no competing interests.