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Authors
Yu, Zeliang
Wang, Yinan
Chen, Xi
Yu, Xiong
Zhu, Yawei
Li, Xiaotian
Zhang, Shuqin
Zhou, Qiongjie
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Shenzhen Medical Research Fund (B2404004)
Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen (No.SZSM202311010)
Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzen Municipality (No.SZSM202211032)
Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Reproductive Diseases (LCYSSQ20220823091401002)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82371698)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82571938)
National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFC2701601)
National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFC2701603)
Clinical Research Plan of SHDC (SHDC2024CRI077)
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Article History
Received: 1 November 2025
Accepted: 4 February 2026
First Online: 10 February 2026
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University (No. 2021 − 144). The requirement for informed consent was waived due to the retrospective nature of the study, which involved minimal risk to participants. All women’s data were anonymized prior to analysis. The study was in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not Applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
