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Authors
Cha, Jaewoo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0443-9291
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service
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Article History
Received: 16 April 2025
Accepted: 5 February 2026
First Online: 10 February 2026
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Korea University (IRB no. 2025-0066) and HIRA. Informed consent and consent to participate were waived by the IRB as the study used de-identified, routinely collected administrative data. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist was completed to ensure transparency and methodological rigor in reporting (Additional File 1).
: Not applicable as this study does not include any identifiable individual data.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
