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Authors
Hu, Juan
Hu, Mengjia
Yu, Weijia
Wang, Yuyan
Dong, Lihua
Wu, Chaoyong
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Chronic Disease Management Research Project of National Health Commission Capacity Building and Continuing Education Center (GWJJMB202510030040)
the Chronic Disease Management Research Project of National Health Commission Capacity Building and Continuing Education Center (GWJJMB202510030040)
the Chronic Disease Management Research Project of National Health Commission Capacity Building and Continuing Education Center (GWJJMB202510030040)
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Article History
Received: 9 September 2025
Accepted: 12 February 2026
First Online: 18 February 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Keqiao Women and Children’s Hospital (Approval No: 2025006). The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.Due to the retrospective nature of the study, the requirement for individual informed consent was waived by the ethics committee. All personal identifiers (e.g., names, resident identity numbers, and contact information) were permanently removed from the electronic medical records prior to data analysis to ensure patient confidentiality.
: All authors have read and approved the final manuscript for publication.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
