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Authors
Tetik Metin, Hatice https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5659-7147
Güzel, Ali https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5747-7130
Akyiğit Albayrak, Elif https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9914-0649
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Article History
Received: 18 December 2025
Accepted: 16 February 2026
First Online: 19 February 2026
Declarations
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: Prior to commencing the research, the necessary permissions were obtained from the developers of the scales to be used in the study and from the authors who conducted the Turkish validity and reliability studies. Furthermore, prior to conducting the research, ethical approval was obtained from the Non-Interventional Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Bitlis Eren University (decision no. 10.11.2025-E.197961) and institutional permission was obtained from the Bitlis Provincial Health Directorate (20.11.2025 - E-39320161-770-295328729). Informed written consent was obtained from the study participants before the data collection procedures. The questionnaires were prepared anonymously to protect the privacy and confidentiality of the participants. All methods were carried out in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
