Cheng, Di
Li, Nan
Fan, Kefeng
Zhang, Junfeng
Gao, Fengchun
Wang, Huiling
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Medical Clinical and Technology Transfer Fund of China International Medical Exchange Foundation (Z-2014-08-2309-6)
the Clinical Medical Science and Technology Innovation Program Project of Jinan Science and Technology Bureau (202328020)
the Science and Technology Development Program of Jinan Municipal Health Commission (2024203001)
Article History
Received: 22 September 2025
Accepted: 13 April 2026
First Online: 20 April 2026
Declarations
:
: This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki and has been approved by the ethical review board of Jinan Maternal and Child Health care Hospital (No. KYR-24–023). Participants have given informed consent.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.