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Authors
Alev Gökgöz, İmran Ülkü https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4962-124X
Özkan, Hava https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7314-0934
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Atatürk University Scientific Research Projects Coordination (TYL-2022-11403)
Atatürk University Scientific Research Projects Coordination (TYL-2022-11403)
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Article History
Received: 11 February 2026
Accepted: 23 April 2026
First Online: 7 May 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Atatürk University, Faculty of Medicine (Number: B.30.2.ATA.0.01.00/117). Pregnant women who met the research criteria were informed about the study, and then the data were collected after obtaining their consent. The ethical principles and the Declaration of Helsinki were followed during the study.
: Not applicable. The manuscript does not contain any individual person’s data in any form (including individual details, images, or videos).
: The authors declare no competing interests.
