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Authors
Hash, Jonika B. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7710-5220
Nelson, Dana C. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7909-0931
Fleming, Charles B. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1357-5706
Oxford, Monica L. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0506-843X
Lohr, Mary Jane https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9826-5389
de Castro, A. B. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1293-7015
Bleil, Maria E. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2006-4533
Spieker, Susan J. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4768-0181
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (K12ES033584)
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD052809)
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD052809)
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Article History
Received: 8 August 2024
Accepted: 29 May 2026
First Online: 13 June 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: All research procedures were reviewed and approved by the University of Washington Institutional Review Board (IRB, study ID 00010114). All participants provided informed consent prior to any data collection.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
