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Authors
Kamarudin, Siti Sabrina
Muhamad, Nor Asiah
Maamor, Nur Hasnah
Harrun, Noor Harzana
Tengku Baharudin Shah, Tengku Puteri Nadiah
Nik Azhan, Nik Athirah Farhana
Jamalluddin, Nurul Hidayah
Rosli, ‘Izzah ‘Athirah
Leman, Fatin Norhasny
Rosli, Nur Atirah Syahira
Abd Manab, Nur Safawati
Mohd Noor, Norhafizah
Abdul Jabbar, Norli
Ibrahim, Nurashikin
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Syed Ghazaili, Sharifah Nurul Aida
Hassan, Noor Hasliza
Sulaiman, Noorul Aimilin
Abdul Jalil, Roslina
Aziz, Najwa
Abdullah, Nur Hanani
Zainal Abidin, Mohd Hafidzudin
Lee, Yew Mei
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministry of Health Malaysia
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Article History
Received: 5 March 2026
Accepted: 23 June 2026
First Online: 30 June 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical approval was obtained from the Medical Research Ethics Committee (MREC), Ministry of Health Malaysia (Reference No: 24–01019-GZX; 12 June 2024). The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and applicable local regulatory requirements. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to enrolment.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
