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Authors
Nguyen, Ai Thi
Dang, Ngoc-Anh Thi
Vu, Thi Kim Dung
Nguyen, Thi Minh Phuong
Nguyen, Thi Thuy Hanh
Bygbjerg, Ib C.
Gammeltoft, Tine M.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs (DFC file no.21-M03-KU)
Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs (DFC file no.21-M03-KU)
Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs (DFC file no.21-M03-KU)
Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs (DFC file no.21-M03-KU)
Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs (DFC file no.21-M03-KU)
Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs (DFC file no.21-M03-KU)
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Article History
Received: 8 December 2025
Accepted: 8 July 2026
First Online: 17 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Thai Binh University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam (Decision No. 1325/HĐĐĐ, dated 1 December 2022). The study was conducted as part of the VALID II project, which is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT05744856). All participants received verbal and written information about the study and provided written informed consent prior to participation. Participants were informed that their involvement was voluntary and that they could withdraw at any time without consequences to their access to healthcare. To ensure confidentiality, interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed anonymously, pseudonyms were used in all reporting, and all research data were stored securely and accessible only to the research team.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
