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Authors
Sharma, Gaurav
Noriega, Angeline
Somji, Aleefia
Blockett, Andre
Gomez, Patricia
Elliott, Leah
Dao, Blami
Hubner, Alma Virginia Camacho
Stalls, Suzanne
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Agency for International Development (Cooperative Agreement(s) 7200AA20CA00002 and 7200AA20CA00007)
U.S. Agency for International Development (Cooperative Agreement(s) 7200AA20CA00002 and 7200AA20CA00007)
U.S. Agency for International Development (Cooperative Agreement(s) 7200AA20CA00002 and 7200AA20CA00007)
U.S. Agency for International Development (Cooperative Agreement(s) 7200AA20CA00002 and 7200AA20CA00007)
U.S. Agency for International Development (Cooperative Agreement(s) 7200AA20CA00002 and 7200AA20CA00007)
U.S. Agency for International Development (Cooperative Agreement(s) 7200AA20CA00002 and 7200AA20CA00007)
U.S. Agency for International Development (Cooperative Agreement(s) 7200AA20CA00002 and 7200AA20CA00007)
U.S. Agency for International Development (Cooperative Agreement(s) 7200AA20CA00002 and 7200AA20CA00007)
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Article History
Received: 19 December 2024
Accepted: 14 July 2026
First Online: 20 July 2026
Declarations
Ethical approval and consent to participate: This survey obtained a Non-Human Subjects Research determination from the Institutional Review Board Office of the John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (IRB No. 19844) on February 11, 2022.Informed written consent was voluntarily obtained from all key informants in English, French, Spanish, or Portuguese, as appropriate. Participants were assured of both anonymity and confidentiality. They received an information sheet with a detailed description of the study and were informed of their right to decline participation or withdraw consent at any point during the interview.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
